???? ????

???????? ????? ???? ????^[?]
???????? ????? ???? ????
? ?????? ????	????? ??????? ??????????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????? ????? ???? ??.
????–??	?????????? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???????. ?? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???????????? ?? ??? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???. ?? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ????? ???.
????–??	?????????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ???. ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ??????. ?? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ? ???? ????? ? ????? ?? ?? ????? ????????. ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????????.
????	???? ? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ???????. ?? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ???????. ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????.
????–??	?? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????. ?? ????????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ????????????? ??? ???. ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ? ???????? ?? ????? ?????. ???? ???????? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????????.
????	???? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ???. ?? ??? ??????? ???? ? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ? ????? ?? ???? ????????????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????. ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????. (?? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??.)
????	??? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ??????. ???? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ????. ?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??????.
????	????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????????????? ????? ???????.
????	?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??????.
????–??	??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??????. ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???.
????	?? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?????????? ? ????????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????.
????	???? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??????. ??????? ??????????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??????.
? ????? ????	???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????. ??? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???.
????	???? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???????. ???? ?? ?????? ???? ? ??? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ????????? ????????.
	?; ?; ?;

???? ????
???? ????
	???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????
??? ????? ????	????? ??????? ??????????
?????	? ?????? ????; ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????
??????	? ?????? ???? (?? ???); ????? ??? ????? ??????
??? ???	??????? ????????
???????	?????? (?? ????); ?????? (?? ??????);
??? ?????	??????? ?????; ????? ????? ???? ???? ? ????? ????? ??? ?????
??????????; ????	??????; ????????; ?????? ???????;
????	??? ???? (?. ????–????)
???????	???? ?????-???? (????–????); ??? ???? (????–????);
?????	????? ???? ????? (????); ???? ???? (????); ????? ?????? ???? (????); ???? ??????? (????); ???? ????? ????? (????); ???? ????? (????); ????? ???? ???? (????)
	?????? ????
????(??)	?????? ????
??? ???	??????? ?????; ????? ???? ?????; ????? ?????????? ?????? ???????????
????? ??????	?????? ?????
????????? ?????	???? ?????; ????? ?????; ??????? ???; ?????-???? ?????
?????
??????????
	?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???.

???? ??????? ??????????? ???? (???????: Marie Salomea Sk?odowska Curie ?? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??????????? ? ?????? ???? – ? ????? ????) ????????? ? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???. ?? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???. ???????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ????. ???? ???? ???? ?? ? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ??. ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ???.

???? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ????????? ????? ???. ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ? ?? ??? ???? ? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??????????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???. ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ? ??? ???????? ????? ?? ??????.

????? ?????? ???????? ? ????? ??? ????? ????????? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????? ???????? ? ?????? ?? ???? ?????????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???????. ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????????? ?????? ???? ????. ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ????????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ????? ??????????? ???? ???? ?? ????????????? ?????? ????? ???. ????? ?????????? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ? ???? ???. ?????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?????. ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???.

???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ? ???????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????????????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????. ?? ??? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?????????? ? ??????????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???.

?????

???????

????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????^[b] ? ???????? ?????????^[c] ??? ?? ?? ? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????????? ????? ???? ????? ??. ??????? ??????? ??? ?????^[d] (????? ????)? ?????????? (????? ????) ? ???? (????? ????) ? ???? ????? ?? ???? (????? ????) ?????.^[?]^[?]

??????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ??????????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?????.^[?] ?? ? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????.^[?] ??????? ???? ??? ???? ??????????^[e] ???? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ???.^[?]^[?] ??? ?? ???????? ??????????? ???? ?? ????? ????????^[f] ?????? ? ???? ????? ? ????? ???? ?????????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????. ?? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ? ???????? ?????????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??????.^[?] ?? ??????? ???? ???????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ???????????? ????? ? ????? ?? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????. ????? ?? ???????? ? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?????????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ????? ????.^[?]

??????????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???.^[?] ?? ?? ??? ???? ? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??????.^[?] ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???????? ??????.^[?] ??? ???? ?? ????????? ? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ???.^[??] ??? ???? ? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ? ?? ????????? ???.^[?]

?????

????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????????? ? ??????? ????????^[g] ??? ? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???????????? ??.^[??] ?? ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?????.^[?] ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??.^[??] ???? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????? (?? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???)? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??.^[?]^[??]

???? ?? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ????? ?????????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???.^[??]^[??] ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ????? ?????? ????????^[h] ?? ??? ??????^[i] ????? ???.^[??]^[??]

???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ????????? ????? ????? ??? ????????? ???.^[??] ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ????? ????? ? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ???.^[??] ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ???. ???????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?? ? ????? ??? ???????? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ???. ?? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ????.^[?]^[??]

?? ???? ??? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ???? ? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ?????^[j] ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???????. ???? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ? ????? ?? ? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???.^[??] ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????.^[??] ?? ?? ??? ????????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?? (??–????) ?? ?? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ? ????????^[k] ???? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???.^[?]^[??]^[??] ??? ????????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???????^[l] ????? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???.^[??]^[??]^[??]

??????? ? ????? ?? ?????

?? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???.^[??] ?? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??????. ?? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?????????? ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ???.^[??]^[??] ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???. ?? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????.^[??]

???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???????? ? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????????? ?? ????? ???. ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ???. ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??? ? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??.^[??]^[??]^[???]

?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ????? ? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???^[o] ????? ???? ??? ???.^[??] ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????????? ?? ? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ???.^[??] ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???.^[??] ???? ???? ????????? ??????? ???? ?????-???????^[p] ?? ?????? ????? ????. ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ??? ? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ???.^[??]^[??] ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????????? ???? ???? ?????????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ???.^[??]

??? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ????.^[??]^[??] ???????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???. ??? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???????. ?? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ????. ?? ????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ???.^[??] ????? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ?????????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??.^[?] ??? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???????.^[??] ?? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??. ?? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????????? ??.^[??] ??? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?????????? ????????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???.^[?] ?? ?? ????? ????? ??? ? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ?????.^[??] ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????^[??]^[??] ? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ???????? ????? ????????? ??????? ???.^[??] ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ????????: ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??. ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????????? ?? ?? ???? ???.^[?]

??? ????? ???????

?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??. ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ???.^[??] ?? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ???????? ????????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????.^[??] ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ??????. ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ???.^[??]^[??]

?? ?? ??? ??????????? ???? ????? ????????? ???? ??? ??????? ???. ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ???.^[??] ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ???. ?? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ???????????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ????.^[??] ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ?????????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???.^[??] ??? ????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????.^[??]^[??]

?? ??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??. ???? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ????.^[??] ?? ???? ?? ????????? ??????? ??? ? ????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ???.^[??] ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????????? ????.^[??] ?? ?? ????? ???? ? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????????? ?? ???? ?????. ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????????????? ?? ??? ???????? ????????? ? ??????? ????? ? ?????? ???? ?????????? ????? ? ???????? ?????? ???.^[??]^[??]^[??]

??????? ????????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????????? ??????? ? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???.^[??] ????????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ???. ?? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????.^[??]^[??] ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????????? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ?????????.^[??] ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ? ??? ????? ? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ? ?? ???? ???????.^[??]^[??]

???? ?? ????? ?????????? ???? ??? ??? ? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???. ????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ????????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? (? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??) ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ???????. ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????????? ????? ???.^[??] ?? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ? ???? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????? ????????? ????? ???? ????? ?????????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???.^[??]

?????????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ?????????? ???? ????? ???? ????. ????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???. ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ????. ??? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ? ??? ???? ????? ???.^[??]?

—????? ?????? ???^[q]

?? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ???. ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ?????. ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??? ? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????.^[??] ?? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????????????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ?????. ?? ?? ???? ???? ???????????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???.^[??]

?? ?????? ????? ???? ? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???.^[??] ?? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ????^[r] ???.^[??]^[??]^[??] ???????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ??????????? ????? ????????????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ? ?? ?? ????? ?????.^[??]

??????? ???? ??? ?? ????????????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ????.^[??] ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ???. ??? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ? ???????? ???? ???? ???????????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ???.^[??] ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ? ????????? ?? ??????? ???. ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ? ??? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ?? ???. ???? ? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????.^[??] ??????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????. ??????? ? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ?/? ??? ?????? ????? ?????. ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???.^[??]^[??] ?? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ? ??????? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ????????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???.^[??]

??? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ???????.^[??]

?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?????.^[??]^[??] ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ???.^[??]

?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ??.^[??]^[??] ?? ?? ???? ???? ? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????????????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ? ??? ????????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??????.^[??] ?? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???.^[??] ??????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?????.^[??]^[??]

????????? ????

?? ?????? ????? ????????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ????????????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ? ???? ???? ???.^[??] ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?????-????^[s] ?? ????????? ? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ???.^[??] ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??.^[??]

????? ????? ???? ????
????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????

?????? ???? ?????????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???. ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?????. ?? ????? (?????? ????) ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??????????. ????? ?? (????) ?? ?????????? ?? ??????? ???.^[??]?

—????? ???????

???? ? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????? ? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??????.^[??]^[??] ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???.^[??] ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ?? ??????? ????.^[??] ?? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???. ?? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ?????.^[??]^[??]^[??] ??? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ? ???? ????? ????????? ????? ????? ???? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ????.^[??]

?? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??.^[??] ???? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ???.^[??]

?? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??. ?? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ?????^[t] ??? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ? ??? ?? ??.^[??]^[??] ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???.^[??] ?? ?? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???. ???? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????.^[??]^[??] ?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????.^[??]

????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????????? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??????^[u] ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????^[v] ?????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ????????????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???.^[??] ???? ???? ???? ?????????? ?? ??? ???? ??????????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????.^[??]^[??] ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???.^[??]

?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ?????? ?? ? ????? ?? ???? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ???? ?????????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ? ????? ???? ?????? ??.^[??] ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??^[??] ?? ?? ??? ?????^[??] ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ????????? ??????? ???. ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???.^[??]

?? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???????????? ? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????????.^[??]^[??] ?? ??? ???????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ? ????????? ????? ??.^[??] ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????.^[??]

?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ???.^[??] ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???.^[??] ????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???????. ???? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ? ?? ?????????? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?????^[w] ??? ?????.^[??] ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??. ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?????^[x] ????.^[??]

???? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????????? ???????? ??? ? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ????????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ? ?? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???.^[?] ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ? ???????? ?? ????????? ?????? ? ?????? ????? ? ??????? ??? ???? ??????????? ?? ?? ???? ????.^[??] ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? ? ?? ???? ????? ??????? (????? ????? ???? ???? ? ???) ???? ????? ????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????? ????. ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?? ? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ? ????? ????? ???.^[??] ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ? ?????? ???? ?? ? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ????? ??. ??????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???. ?? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ???????? ? ?? ???? ???? ?????????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????. ?? ?? ??? ?????? ? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ??????.^[??]

????? ????? ???? ????
????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????

?? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????^[y] ?? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?? ????? ????.^[??]^[??] ?? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ??.^[??] ????? ?????????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ????. ???? ???? ???? ?????????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??.^[??]^[??]^[??]

??? ????? ???

???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???. ????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ???. ???????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????. ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?????. ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????????? ???? ??? ???. ???? ?? ??? ???? ????. ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????? ? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ??.^[??]?

—???? ????

?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???.^[??] ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???.^[??] ??? ?? ????? ????? ? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?????????? ??????? ??? ? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ? ?????????? ???? ??? ? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ??????????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ????^[z] ?????? ???????.^[??]

?? ?? ????? ????? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ? ?? ?? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??.^[??] ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ????????? ???? ? ?? ???? ????????? ?? ????????????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ????. ??? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????.^[??]

?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ? ?????????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ? ???? ??????? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ???????. ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????.^[??] ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ???????.^[?]^[??] ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ????????? ???? ??? ??????? ? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???. ?? ???? ????? ? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?????.^[??]

??????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ???. ?? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???.^[??]

??????? ?? ?? ???

?? ??? ???? ? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???. ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ???.^[??] ?? ???? ? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??.^[??]^[??]

?? ????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ? ?? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???.^[??]^[??] ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ??.^[??]^[??] ?? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ????????? ????? ??????^[aa] ?????? ??.^[??] ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ? ???????? ??? ??? ? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??????.^[??]

????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?????-???? ???? ???? ???? ? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????.^[??] ???????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????????????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ????????? ????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ? ???? ?????? ?????.^[??]^[??]

?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ?? ??? ????? ?????.^[??]^[??] ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????????? ????????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ? ???? ?????? ?????? ???.^[??] ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????^[ab] ???.^[??] ?? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???.^[??] ?? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???. ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ???.^[??] ?? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ????.^[??] ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????^[ac] ??.^[??]

???

???? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???.^[?]^[??] ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????.^[??]^[??]^[??]

????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ? ?? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????????^[??] ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ????????? ?????????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?????????? ??? ??? ??????^[??] ? ???? ?? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??????.^[??] ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ????????????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????.^[??] ????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????????? ???.^[??] ?? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??.^[??] ?? ??? ??? ? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??. ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????????? ?????? ?? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ??.^[??] ?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ? ????????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ???.^[??]

?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???????.^[??]^[??] ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ??????.^[??] ?????? ?? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ? ???????????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ? ???? ???? ??????? ????.^[??] ?? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????????????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??.^[??]

?????

?????????? ??????? ? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ? ???? ? ??? ????.^[??] ????? ??????? ????? ???? ???????^[ad] ?? ??? ???? ???????:

?

????? ? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ???. ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ??? ?????. ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???. ?? ??? ?????????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ????? ?? ????????????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ???. ?? ????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??. ?? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???.^[??]

?

??? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ????. ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??????????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??????. ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ? ???? ?? ? ?????? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ????: ?? ?????^[ae] ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ???.^[?]

???? ???? ?? ????? ? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???.^[??]^[??] ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???. ??? ?? ??? ???? ? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ????????? ??? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ??????????? ?? ????????.^[??]^[??] ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ? ???????? ?????? ???.^[?] ?? ?? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???.^[??] ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??????.^[??] ?? ? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ? ???? ??????? ????????.^[??] ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ??????.^[?]

???????? ? ????????

????? ???? ? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????

????? ????? ????????????? ? ????? ?????? ??????????????^[??]^[??] ????? ????????? ????????? ??????????? ?????????? ? ??? ?? ???? ?????????? ???????? ? ?????? ?? ???? ?????????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????. ???????? ??? ?? ??????????????? ?????????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ???.^[??] ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??????????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????????????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ??. ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ???????? (????) ??.^[??]^[??] ?????? ? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ????????? ???.^[??] ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ???? ???? ??.^[??] ?? ? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ???.^[??] ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????.^[??]

???? (?? ???? Ci)? ????? ?? ????????????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???.^[??] ??? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ???.^[??] ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?????????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ????: ?????? ??????????^[af] ? ???????????????.^[??] ???? ??????? ???????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ????? ?????? ???.^[??] ???? ???? ?????????? ???? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ? ?????????? ???????? ???? ????????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?????.^[??] ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????????^[??] ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ? ??????? ????????? ???? ?????? ???.^[??]

???? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ????? ???? ????. ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??? ? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??.^[??] ???????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???:

????? ???? ?? ????? (????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ? ????? ????)
???? ???? (????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ????)^[??]
???? ??????? (????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ????)^[??]
????? ???????? (????)^[??]
???? ????? ????? (????)^[??]
???? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? (????)^[??]

????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???? ? ?????? ?????? ?????^[ag] ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????^[ah] ?? ??? ???? ??.^[??]^[??] ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ? ???????? ?????? ???????^[ai] ?????.^[??] ?? ???? ? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????^[aj] ?? ?????? ???.^[??] ?? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????.^[??] ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ? ??????^[ak] ?? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???.^[???]

???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ???????. ?? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ???? ??.^[??] ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ??? ???.^[???] ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ???.^[??] ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????-?? ?? ???? ????????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ???.^[???] ????? ????? ? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ??????????-????^[al] ?? ???? ? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????????-???? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ? ???? ???? (????? ?) ? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ? ????? ???? ?????.^[???] ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???????. ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????????-???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??. ????????? ???????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???.^[???]

?? ???? ????

???? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ???????????. ?? ??? ????? ???????? ????????^[am] ???? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???. ?? ??? ????? ???? ?????^[an] ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??????????-????^[ao] ???? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ??.^[???]

?????????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???. ?? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???. ?? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????????????: ???? ? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ? ????^[ap] ??.^[???] ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ????????????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????????? ??:

????? ???? (????)^[??]
??????? ???? ????^[aq] (????)^[???]
???? ????: ????? ????^[ar] (????)
?????????? (????)

???? ???? ????? ????????? ???? ??????^[as] ?? ?????? ???????^[at] ?? ??? ???? ???? ???. ??????? ???? ?? ?????????? ?????: ????? ???? ???? ????^[au] ?? ????? ???? ????????^[av] ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???.^[???] ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????????? ? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???.^[??] ????? ?? ?? ??? ?????????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??????^[???] ? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????.^[???] ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????????? ?????: ????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???.^[???]

?? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ??????????-???? ?????? ??.^[???] ?? ?????? ????? ???? ????????? ?????????^[aw] ?? ?? ????? ??????????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???.^[???]

???????? ??????

???????

↑ ????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????????^[m] ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ???????^[n] ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ???.^[??]

?????????

↑ Ulica Freta
↑ Bronis?awa Sk?odowska
↑ W?adys?aw Sk?odowski
↑ Zofia
↑ Józef Sk?odowski
↑ Secondary school
↑ J. Sikorska
↑ ?orawskis
↑ Szczuki
↑ Kazimierz D?uski
↑ Museum of Industry and Agriculture
↑ Józef Boguski
↑ Tadeusz Estreicher
↑ Polish Biographical Dictionary
↑ Société d'encouragement pour l'industrie nationale
↑ Józef Wierusz-Kowalski
↑ Robert William Reid
↑ Ray
↑ G?sta Mittag-Leffler
↑ Rue Dauphine
↑ Institut du radium
↑ Institut Curie
↑ Foreign Jewish home-wrecker
↑ Camille Marbo
↑ Warsaw Scientific Society
↑ Petites Curies
↑ Académie Nationale de Médecine
↑ Pierre Curie
↑ Cameron Prize for Therapeutics of the University of Edinburgh
↑ L. Pearce Williams
↑ Marie Curie: A Life
↑ Sklodowskite
↑ Gustave Bémont
↑ Chemical Breakthrough Award
↑ Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters
↑ Iota Sigma Pi
↑ Monument to the X-ray and Radium Martyrs of All Nations
↑ Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology
↑ Michalina Mo?cicka
↑ Jozef Mazur
↑ Maria Sk?odowska-Curie Medallion
↑ Radioactive: Marie and Pierre Curie, a Tale of Love and Fallout
↑ Les Palmes de M. Schutz
↑ Marie Curie: The Courage of Knowledge
↑ False Assumptions
↑ Lawrence Aronovitch
↑ Manya: The Living History of Marie Curie
↑ Susan Marie Frontczak
↑ Satellogic

?????

↑ "Marie Curie Facts". Nobelprize.org. Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
↑ ^??? ^??? ^??? Robert William Reid (1974). Marie Curie. New American Library. p. 6. ISBN 978-0-00-211539-1. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016. Unusually at such an early age, she became what T.H. Huxley had just invented a word for: agnostic.
↑ Dan Barker (2011). "The Good Atheist: Living a Purpose-Filled Life Without God". Ulysses Press. Retrieved 20 August 2020. Pierre belonged to no religion and I did not practice any"
↑ "Marie Curie Timeline". Encyclopedia Britannica (?? ???????). Retrieved 2025-08-04.?
↑ ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? "Marie Curie – Polish Girlhood (1867–1891) Part 1". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 2 November 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
↑ Nelson, Craig (2014). The Age of Radiance: The Epic Rise and Dramatic Fall of the Atomic Era. Simon & Schuster. p. 18. ISBN 978-1-4516-6045-6. Archived from the original on 23 April 2017. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
↑ ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? Wojciech A. Wierzewski (21 June 2008). "Mazowieckie korzenie Marii" [Maria's Mazowsze Roots]. Gwiazda Polarna. pp. 16–17. Archived from the original on 21 March 2009. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
↑ Monika Piatkowska (2017). Prus. Sledztwo biograficzne. Znak. p. 49–50. ISBN 978-8324045433. Archived from the original on 8 October 2020. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
↑ Czes?aw Mi?osz (1983). The History of Polish Literature. University of California Press. p. 291. ISBN 978-0-520-04477-7. Undoubtedly the most important novelist of Positivism in Poland
↑ Barker, Dan (2011). The Good Atheist: Living a Purpose-Filled Life Without God. Ulysses Press. p. 171. ISBN 978-1-56975-846-5. Archived from the original on 2 November 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015.
↑ ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? Tadeusz Estreicher (1938). "Curie, Maria ze Sk?odowskich". Polski s?ownik biograficzny, vol. 4 (?? ???????). p. 111.
↑ ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – Polish Girlhood (1867–1891) Part 2". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 2 November 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
↑ Robert William Reid (1974). Marie Curie. New American Library. p. 24. ISBN 978-0-00-211539-1. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
↑ Robert William Reid (1974). Marie Curie. New American Library. p. 23. ISBN 978-0-00-211539-1. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
↑ ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? Tadeusz Estreicher (1938). "Curie, Maria ze Sk?odowskich". Polski s?ownik biograficzny (?? ???????). Vol. 4. p. 112.
↑ Robert William Reid (1974). Marie Curie. New American Library. p. 32. ISBN 978-0-00-211539-1. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
↑ ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? "Marie Curie – Student in Paris (1891–1897) Part 1". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 28 October 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
↑ L. Pearce Williams (1986). "Curie, Pierre and Marie". Encyclopedia Americana, vol. 8. Danbury, Connecticut: Grolier, Inc. p. 331.
↑ les Actus DN. "Marie Curie". Archived from the original on 2 November 2013. Retrieved 24 May 2013.
↑ ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – Research Breakthroughs (1807–1904)Part 1". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 28 October 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
↑ Robert William Reid (1974). Marie Curie. New American Library. pp. 61–63. ISBN 978-0-00-211539-1. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
↑ ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? "Marie Curie – Research Breakthroughs (1807–1904)Part 2". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 18 November 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
↑ ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – Student in Paris (1891–1897) Part 2". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 12 September 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
↑ Robert William Reid (1974). Marie Curie. New American Library. pp. 63–64. ISBN 978-0-00-211539-1. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
↑ Robert William Reid (1974). Marie Curie. New American Library. pp. 64–65. ISBN 978-0-00-211539-1. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
↑ ^???? ^???? ^???? Robert William Reid (1974). Marie Curie. New American Library. p. 65. ISBN 978-0-00-211539-1. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
↑ Robert William Reid (1974). Marie Curie. New American Library. p. 64. ISBN 978-0-00-211539-1. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
↑ "The Discovery of Radioactivity". Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. 9 August 2000. Archived from the original on 14 August 2012. Retrieved 2 August 2012.
↑ L. Pearce Williams (1986). "Curie, Pierre and Marie". Encyclopedia Americana, vol. 8. Danbury, Connecticut: Grolier, Inc. pp. 331–332.
↑ ^???? ^???? L. Pearce Williams (1986). "Curie, Pierre and Marie". Encyclopedia Americana, vol. 8. Danbury, Connecticut: Grolier, Inc. p. 332.
↑ Mary R. S. Creese. "Marie Sklodowska Curie". Encyclopedia.com. Archived from the original on 26 April 2020. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
↑ ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – Research Breakthroughs (1807–1904) Part 3". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 18 November 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
↑ ^???? ^???? Quinn, Susan (1996). Marie Curie: A Life. Da Capo Press. pp. 176, 203. ISBN 978-0-201-88794-5. Archived from the original on 31 October 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015.
↑ Mould, R. F. (1998). "The discovery of radium in 1898 by Maria Sklodowska-Curie (1867–1934) and Pierre Curie (1859–1906) with commentary on their life and times". The British Journal of Radiology. pp. 1229–54. doi:10.1259/bjr.71.852.10318996. PMID 10318996.
↑ ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – Recognition and Disappointment (1903–1905) Part 1". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 28 October 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
↑ ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – Recognition and Disappointment (1903–1905) Part 2". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 12 September 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
↑ Warren Allen Smith (2000). "Who's who in hell: a handbook and international directory for humanists, freethinkers, naturalists, rationalists, and non-theists". Barricade Books. p. 258 [?]. ISBN 978-1-56980-158-1. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
↑ Goldsmith, Barbara (2005). "Obsessive Genius: The Inner World of Marie Curie". W. W. Norton & Company. p. 149. ISBN 978-0-393-05137-7. Archived from the original on 5 May 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
↑ "Prof. Curie killed in a Paris street" (PDF). The New York Times. 20 April 1906. Archived from the original on 25 July 2018. Retrieved 8 February 2011.
↑ ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – Tragedy and Adjustment (1906–1910) Part 1". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 26 October 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
↑ ^???? ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – Tragedy and Adjustment (1906–1910) Part 2". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 2 November 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
↑ ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? Tadeusz Estreicher (1938). "Curie, Maria ze Sk?odowskich". Polski s?ownik biograficzny, vol. 4 (?? ???????). p. 113.
↑ ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – Scandal and Recovery (1910–1913) Part 1". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 18 December 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
↑ Goldsmith, Barbara (2005). Obsessive Genius: The Inner World of Marie Curie. W. W. Norton & Company. pp. 170–71. ISBN 978-0-393-05137-7. Archived from the original on 5 May 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
↑ Robert William Reid (1974). Marie Curie. New American Library. pp. 44, 90. ISBN 978-0-00-211539-1. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
↑ Goldsmith, Barbara (2005). Obsessive Genius: The Inner World of Marie Curie. W. W. Norton & Company. pp. 165–76. ISBN 978-0-393-05137-7. Archived from the original on 5 May 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
↑ ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – Scandal and Recovery (1910–1913) Part 2". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 12 September 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
↑ "Marie Curie-biographical". Nobel Prize.org. 2014. Archived from the original on 17 March 2018. Retrieved 16 March 2018.
↑ ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – War Duty (1914–1919) Part 1". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 2 November 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
↑ ^???? ^???? Coppes-Zantinga, A. R. and Coppes, M. J. (1998), Marie Curie's contributions to radiology during World War I. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. , 31: 541–543. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-911X(199812)31:6<541::AID-MPO19>3.0.CO;2-0
↑ ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – War Duty (1914–1919) Part 2". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 12 September 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
↑ Ann M. Lewicki (2002). "Marie Sklodowska Curie in America, 1921". Radiology. pp. 299–303. doi:10.1148/radiol.2232011319. PMID 11997527. Archived from the original on 15 March 2024. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
↑ Julie Des Jardins (October 2011). "Madame Curie's Passion". Smithsonian Magazine. Archived from the original on 27 November 2012. Retrieved 11 September 2012.
↑ ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – The Radium Institute (1919–1934) Part 1". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 28 October 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
↑ Pasachoff, Naomi (1996). Marie Curie:And the Science of Radioactivity: And the Science of Radioactivity. Oxford University Press. p. 93. ISBN 978-0-19-509214-1. Archived from the original on 28 November 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015.
↑ Zwoliński, Zbigniew. "Science in Poland – Maria Sklodowska-Curie". Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu. Archived from the original on 11 September 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2012.
↑ ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – The Radium Institute (1919–1934) Part 2". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 28 October 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
↑ "Chemistry International – Newsmagazine for IUPAC". International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. 5 January 2011. Archived from the original on 7 November 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
↑ Grandjean, Martin (2017). "Analisi e visualizzazioni delle reti in storia. L'esempio della cooperazione intellettuale della Società delle Nazioni". Memoria e Ricerca (2): 371–393. doi:10.14647/87204. Archived from the original on 7 November 2017. Retrieved 2 January 2018.
↑ ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie Enshrined in Pantheon". New York Times. 21 April 1995. Archived from the original on 22 January 2012. Retrieved 2 August 2012.
↑ Grandjean, Martin (2018). Les réseaux de la coopération intellectuelle. La Société des Nations comme actrice des échanges scientifiques et culturels dans l'entre-deux-guerres [The Networks of Intellectual Cooperation. The League of Nations as an Actor of the Scientific and Cultural Exchanges in the Inter-War Period] (?? ???????). Lausanne: Université de Lausanne. Archived from the original on 12 September 2018. Retrieved 27 October 2018. (i.e. pp. 303-305)
↑ ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie and Her Legend". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 1 January 2012. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
↑ Norman E. Holden (2004). "Atomic Weights and the International Committee: A Historical Review". Chemistry International. Archived from the original on 19 December 2018. Retrieved 11 May 2013.
↑ "Maria Sk?odowska-Curie". Europeana Exhibitions. Archived from the original on 7 June 2019. Retrieved 2025-08-04.
↑ ^???? ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – The Radium Institute (1919–1934) Part 3". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
↑ "The Genius of Marie Curie: The Woman Who Lit Up the World" ?? ?????? (a 2013 BBC documentary).
↑ Rollyson, Carl (2004). Marie Curie: Honesty In Science. iUniverse. p. x. ISBN 978-0-595-34059-0. Archived from the original on 24 November 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015.
↑ James Shipman; Jerry D. Wilson; Aaron Todd (2012). An Introduction to Physical Science. Cengage Learning. p. 263. ISBN 978-1-133-10409-4. Archived from the original on 27 November 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015.
↑ Blom, Philipp (2008). "1903: A Strange Luminescence". The Vertigo Years: Europe, 1900–1914. Basic Books. p. 76. ISBN 978-0-465-01116-2. Archived from the original on 5 June 2020. Retrieved 18 July 2020. The glowing tubes looked like faint, fairy lights.
↑ Denise Grady (6 October 1998). "A Glow in the Dark, and a Lesson in Scientific Peril". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 10 March 2017. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
↑ Tasch, Barbara. "Marie Curie's Belongings Will Be Radioactive For Another 1,500 Years". Archived from the original on 3 July 2020. Retrieved 2 July 2020.
↑ Estes, Adam Clark. "Marie Curie's century-old radioactive notebook still requires lead box". Archived from the original on 13 September 2017. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
↑ ^???? ^???? ^???? Bryson, Bill (2012). A Short History of Nearly Everything. Random House Digital, Inc. p. 74. ISBN 978-0-385-67450-8. Archived from the original on 26 November 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015.
↑ ^???? ^???? ^???? Tadeusz Estreicher (1938). "Curie, Maria ze Sk?odowskich". Polski s?ownik biograficzny, vol. 4 (?? ???????). p. 114.
↑ Robert William Reid (1974). Marie Curie. New American Library. p. 265. ISBN 978-0-00-211539-1. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
↑ "The Discovery of Radioactivity". Berkeley Lab. Archived from the original on 1 November 2015. The term radioactivity was actually coined by Marie Curie […].
↑ "Marie Curie and the radioactivity, The 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics". nobelprize.org. Archived from the original on 30 July 2018. Marie called this radiation radioactivity—"radio" means radiation.
↑ Borzendowski, Janice (2009). Sterling Biographies: Marie Curie: Mother of Modern Physics. Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. p. 36. ISBN 978-1-4027-5318-3. Archived from the original on 30 November 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015.
↑ "Most inspirational woman scientist revealed". Newscientist.com. 2 July 2009. Archived from the original on 6 December 2011. Retrieved 27 April 2011.
↑ "Marie Curie voted greatest female scientist". The Daily Telegraph. London. 2 July 2009. Archived from the original on 5 July 2009. Retrieved 10 April 2010. Marie Curie, the Nobel Prize-winning nuclear physicist has been voted the greatest woman scientist of all time.
↑ ^???? ^???? "2011 – The Year of Marie Sk?odowska-Curie". Cosmopolitanreview.com. 3 July 2011. Archived from the original on 14 August 2011. Retrieved 27 August 2012.
↑ Chute, James (5 March 2011). "Video artist Steinkamp's flowery 'Madame Curie' is challenging, and stunning". signonsandiego.com. Archived from the original on 7 May 2011. Retrieved 14 April 2011.
↑ "Marie Curie's 144th Birthday Anniversary". DoodleToday.com. 7 November 2011. Archived from the original on 9 November 2011. Retrieved 9 November 2011.
↑ "Princess Madeleine attends celebrations to mark anniversary of Marie Curie's second Nobel Prize". Sveriges Kungahus. Archived from the original on 5 January 2012. Retrieved 23 February 2012.
↑ Paul W. Frame (October–November 1996). "How the Curie Came to Be". Oak Ridge Associated Universities. Archived from the original on 30 May 2012. Retrieved 30 April 2008.
↑ "Curium". Chemistry in its element. Royal Society of Chemistry. Archived from the original on 9 August 2016. Retrieved 27 August 2012.
↑ ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? Borzendowski, Janice (2009). Sterling Biographies: Marie Curie: Mother of Modern Physics. Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. p. 37. ISBN 978-1-4027-5318-3. Archived from the original on 30 November 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015.
↑ "Marie Curie Actions" (PDF). European Commission. 2012. p. 5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 June 2013. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
↑ "Coventry professor's honorary degree takes him in footsteps of Marie Curie". Birmingham Press. 31 July 2012. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 6 May 2017.
↑ "Nobel Prize Facts". Nobelprize.org. 22 April 2011. Archived from the original on 1 September 2012. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
↑ ^???? ^???? Eve Curie; Vincent Sheean (1999). Madame Curie: A Biography. Turtleback Books. p. 389. ISBN 978-0-613-18127-3. Archived from the original on 26 November 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015.
↑ "Scientific Notes and News". Science. 25 (647): 839–840. 1907. Bibcode:1907Sci....25..839.. doi:10.1126/science.25.647.839. ISSN 0036-8075. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 April 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
↑ "Franklin Laureate Database". The Franklin Institute Awards. The Franklin Institute. Archived from the original on 12 December 2012. Retrieved 11 September 2012.
↑ "Minutes". Proc. Am. Philos. Soc. 1921. pp. iii–xxiv. JSTOR 984523. Archived from the original on 6 March 2023. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
↑ "2015 Awardees". American Chemical Society, Division of the History of Chemistry. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign School of Chemical Sciences. 2015. Archived from the original on 21 June 2016. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
↑ "Citation for Chemical Breakthrough Award" (PDF). American Chemical Society, Division of the History of Chemistry. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign School of Chemical Sciences. 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
↑ "MarieCurie | Royal Academy". www.royalacademy.dk. Archived from the original on 2 August 2020. Retrieved 2025-08-04.
↑ "Professional Awards". Iota Stigma Pi: National Honor Society for Women in Chemistry. Archived from the original on 23 March 2019. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
↑ "President of honour and honorary members of PTChem". Archived from the original on 20 April 2020. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
↑ "Museum of Modern Imaging". Archived from the original on 21 February 2019. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
↑ "IEA – reaktor Maria". Institute of Atomic Energy, Poland. Archived from the original on 19 March 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2012.
↑ "Picture of the McDonnell Douglas MD-11 aircraft". Airliners.net. Archived from the original on 18 March 2009. Retrieved 27 April 2011.
↑ "Marie Curie". Charity Commission for England and Wales. 8 November 2019. Archived from the original on 8 October 2020. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
↑ Curie, Institut (17 December 2010). "Curie museum | Institut Curie". Curie.fr. Archived from the original on 6 September 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2012.
↑ "Marie Curie Medallion Returns to UB Polish Collection By Way of eBay". News Center, University of Buffalo. 11 September 2007. Archived from the original on 18 October 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2012.
↑ "Radioactive: Marie and Pierre Curie, a Tale of Love and Fallout". Cosmopolitanreview.com. 3 July 2011. Archived from the original on 14 August 2011. Retrieved 27 August 2012.
↑ "Les-Palmes-de-M-Schutz (1997)". Movies. New York Times. 5 June 2012. Archived from the original on 2 November 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2012.
↑ ^????? ^????? Main, Douglas (7 March 2014). "This Famous Image Of Marie Curie Isn't Marie Curie". Popular Science www.popsci.com. Archived from the original on 10 November 2014. Retrieved 15 November 2014.
↑ Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (India) (1997). Science reporter. Council of Scientific & Industrial Research. p. 117. Archived from the original on 4 May 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
↑ Letcher, Piers (2003). Eccentric France. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 59. ISBN 978-1-84162-068-8. Archived from the original on 20 November 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015.
↑ "Most Marii Sk?odowskiej-Curie, Polska " Vistal Gdynia". www.vistal.pl. Archived from the original on 29 March 2016. Retrieved 2025-08-04.
↑ "China lofts 4 satellites into orbit with its second launch of 2020". space.com (?? ???????). Archived from the original on 30 January 2020. Retrieved 30 January 2020.

????? ?????

Marie Curie (1921). The Discovery of Radium. Poughkeepsie: Vassar College.
Curie, Eve (2001). Madame Curie: A Biography. Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-306-81038-1.
Dzienkiewicz, Marta. Polish Pioneers: Book of Prominent Poles. Rzezak, Joanna; Karski, Piotr; Monod-Gayraud, Agnes. Warsaw. ISBN 9788365341686. OCLC 1060750234.
Giroud, Fran?oise (1986). Marie Curie: A life. Holmes & Meier. ISBN 978-0-8419-0977-9. Archived from the original on 15 March 2024. Retrieved 17 July 2020. translated by Lydia Davis.
Kaczorowska, Teresa (2011). Córka mazowieckich równin, czyli, Maria Sk?odowska-Curie z Mazowsza [Daughter of the Mazovian Plains: Maria Sk?odowska–Curie of Mazowsze] (?? ???????). Zwi?zek Literatów Polskich, Oddzia? w Ciechanowie. ISBN 978-83-89408-36-5. Archived from the original on 15 March 2024. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
Opfell, Olga S. (1978). The Lady Laureates: Women Who Have Won the Nobel Prize. Metuchen, N.J. & London: Scarecrow Press. pp. 147–164. ISBN 978-0-8108-1161-4.
Pasachoff, Naomi (1996). Marie Curie and the Science of Radioactivity. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-509214-1. Archived from the original on 15 March 2024. Retrieved 17 July 2020.
Quinn, Susan (1996). Marie Curie: A Life. Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-201-88794-5.
Redniss, Lauren (2010). Radioactive: Marie & Pierre Curie: A Tale of Love and Fallout. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-135132-7. Archived from the original on 15 March 2024. Retrieved 17 July 2020.
Wirten, Eva Hemmungs (2015). Making Marie Curie: Intellectual Property and Celebrity Culture in an Age of Information. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-23584-4. Retrieved 15 March 2016.

????? ?? ?????

[32] ????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????????^[m] ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ???????^[n] ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ???.^[??]

[5] Ulica Freta

[6] Bronis?awa Sk?odowska

[7] W?adys?aw Sk?odowski

[8] Zofia

[12] Józef Sk?odowski

[15] Secondary school

[17] J. Sikorska

[20] ?orawskis

[21] Szczuki

[23] Kazimierz D?uski

[24] Museum of Industry and Agriculture

[25] Józef Boguski

[30] Tadeusz Estreicher

[31] Polish Biographical Dictionary

[33] Société d'encouragement pour l'industrie nationale

[35] Józef Wierusz-Kowalski

[45] Robert William Reid

[46] Ray

[55] G?sta Mittag-Leffler

[59] Rue Dauphine

[63] Institut du radium

[64] Institut Curie

[69] Foreign Jewish home-wrecker

[71] Camille Marbo

[73] Warsaw Scientific Society

[77] Petites Curies

[83] Académie Nationale de Médecine

[90] Pierre Curie

[93] Cameron Prize for Therapeutics of the University of Edinburgh

[105] L. Pearce Williams

[106] Marie Curie: A Life

[119] Sklodowskite

[128] Gustave Bémont

[129] Chemical Breakthrough Award

[132] Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters

[134] Iota Sigma Pi

[137] Monument to the X-ray and Radium Martyrs of All Nations

[141] Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology

[144] Michalina Mo?cicka

[145] Jozef Mazur

[146] Maria Sk?odowska-Curie Medallion

[148] Radioactive: Marie and Pierre Curie, a Tale of Love and Fallout

[150] Les Palmes de M. Schutz

[152] Marie Curie: The Courage of Knowledge

[153] False Assumptions

[154] Lawrence Aronovitch

[155] Manya: The Living History of Marie Curie

[156] Susan Marie Frontczak

[161] Satellogic

[nobelprize-1] "Marie Curie Facts". Nobelprize.org. Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 2 March 2019.

[Marie_Curie-2] ??? ^??? ^??? Robert William Reid (1974). Marie Curie. New American Library. p. 6. ISBN 978-0-00-211539-1. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016. Unusually at such an early age, she became what T.H. Huxley had just invented a word for: agnostic.

[3] Dan Barker (2011). "The Good Atheist: Living a Purpose-Filled Life Without God". Ulysses Press. Retrieved 20 August 2020. Pierre belonged to no religion and I did not practice any"

[mjw49-4] "Marie Curie Timeline". Encyclopedia Britannica (?? ???????). Retrieved 2025-08-04.?

[Marie_Curie_–_Polish_Girlhood_(1867–1891)-9] ??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? "Marie Curie – Polish Girlhood (1867–1891) Part 1". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 2 November 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.

[10] Nelson, Craig (2014). The Age of Radiance: The Epic Rise and Dramatic Fall of the Atomic Era. Simon & Schuster. p. 18. ISBN 978-1-4516-6045-6. Archived from the original on 23 April 2017. Retrieved 24 January 2016.

[gwiazdapolarna-11] ???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? Wojciech A. Wierzewski (21 June 2008). "Mazowieckie korzenie Marii" [Maria's Mazowsze Roots]. Gwiazda Polarna. pp. 16–17. Archived from the original on 21 March 2009. Retrieved 10 September 2012.

[13] Monika Piatkowska (2017). Prus. Sledztwo biograficzne. Znak. p. 49–50. ISBN 978-8324045433. Archived from the original on 8 October 2020. Retrieved 20 August 2020.

[undoubtedly-14] Czes?aw Mi?osz (1983). The History of Polish Literature. University of California Press. p. 291. ISBN 978-0-520-04477-7. Undoubtedly the most important novelist of Positivism in Poland

[Barker2011-16] Barker, Dan (2011). The Good Atheist: Living a Purpose-Filled Life Without God. Ulysses Press. p. 171. ISBN 978-1-56975-846-5. Archived from the original on 2 November 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015.

[psb111-18] ????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? Tadeusz Estreicher (1938). "Curie, Maria ze Sk?odowskich". Polski s?ownik biograficzny, vol. 4 (?? ???????). p. 111.

[Marie_Curie_–_Polish_Girlhood_(1867–1891)1-19] ???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – Polish Girlhood (1867–1891) Part 2". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 2 November 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.

[robert2-22] Robert William Reid (1974). Marie Curie. New American Library. p. 24. ISBN 978-0-00-211539-1. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.

[teachers-26] Robert William Reid (1974). Marie Curie. New American Library. p. 23. ISBN 978-0-00-211539-1. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.

[psb112-27] ????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? Tadeusz Estreicher (1938). "Curie, Maria ze Sk?odowskich". Polski s?ownik biograficzny (?? ???????). Vol. 4. p. 112.

[robert3-28] Robert William Reid (1974). Marie Curie. New American Library. p. 32. ISBN 978-0-00-211539-1. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.

[Marie_Curie_–_Student_in_Paris-29] ????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? "Marie Curie – Student in Paris (1891–1897) Part 1". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 28 October 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.

[Williams331-34] L. Pearce Williams (1986). "Curie, Pierre and Marie". Encyclopedia Americana, vol. 8. Danbury, Connecticut: Grolier, Inc. p. 331.

[36] s Actus DN. "Marie Curie". Archived from the original on 2 November 2013. Retrieved 24 May 2013.

[Marie_Curie_and_the_Science_of_Radioactivity-37] ???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – Research Breakthroughs (1807–1904)Part 1". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 28 October 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.

[robert4-38] Robert William Reid (1974). Marie Curie. New American Library. pp. 61–63. ISBN 978-0-00-211539-1. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.

[Marie_Curie_and_the_Science_of_Radioactivity_2-39] ????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? "Marie Curie – Research Breakthroughs (1807–1904)Part 2". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 18 November 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.

[Marie_Curie_–_Student_in_Paris_2-40] ???? ^???? "Marie Curie – Student in Paris (1891–1897) Part 2". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 12 September 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.

[robert5-41] Robert William Reid (1974). Marie Curie. New American Library. pp. 63–64. ISBN 978-0-00-211539-1. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.

[robert7-42] Robert William Reid (1974). Marie Curie. New American Library. pp. 64–65. ISBN 978-0-00-211539-1. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.

[Robert_Reid_p._65-43] ???? ^???? ^???? Robert William Reid (1974). Marie Curie. New American Library. p. 65. ISBN 978-0-00-211539-1. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.

[robert6-44] Robert William Reid (1974). Marie Curie. New American Library. p. 64. ISBN 978-0-00-211539-1. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.

[The_Discovery_of_Radioactivity-47] "The Discovery of Radioactivity". Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. 9 August 2000. Archived from the original on 14 August 2012. Retrieved 2 August 2012.

[williams-48] L. Pearce Williams (1986). "Curie, Pierre and Marie". Encyclopedia Americana, vol. 8. Danbury, Connecticut: Grolier, Inc. pp. 331–332.

[Williams332-49] ???? ^???? L. Pearce Williams (1986). "Curie, Pierre and Marie". Encyclopedia Americana, vol. 8. Danbury, Connecticut: Grolier, Inc. p. 332.

[50] Mary R. S. Creese. "Marie Sklodowska Curie". Encyclopedia.com. Archived from the original on 26 April 2020. Retrieved 20 August 2020.

[Marie_Curie_and_the_Science_of_Radioactivity_3-51] ???? ^???? ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – Research Breakthroughs (1807–1904) Part 3". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 18 November 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.

[Quinn1996-52] ???? ^???? Quinn, Susan (1996). Marie Curie: A Life. Da Capo Press. pp. 176, 203. ISBN 978-0-201-88794-5. Archived from the original on 31 October 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015.

[The_discovery_of_radium_in_1898_by_Maria_Sklodowska-Curie_(1867–1934)_and_Pierre_Curie_(1859–1906)_with_commentary_on_their_life_and_times-53] Mould, R. F. (1998). "The discovery of radium in 1898 by Maria Sklodowska-Curie (1867–1934) and Pierre Curie (1859–1906) with commentary on their life and times". The British Journal of Radiology. pp. 1229–54. doi:10.1259/bjr.71.852.10318996. PMID 10318996.

[Marie_Curie_Rec_and_Dis-54] ???? ^???? "Marie Curie – Recognition and Disappointment (1903–1905) Part 1". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 28 October 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.

[Marie_Curie_Rec_and_Dis2-56] ???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – Recognition and Disappointment (1903–1905) Part 2". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 12 September 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.

[AlbertEinstein-57] Warren Allen Smith (2000). "Who's who in hell: a handbook and international directory for humanists, freethinkers, naturalists, rationalists, and non-theists". Barricade Books. p. 258 [?]. ISBN 978-1-56980-158-1. Retrieved 4 February 2017.

[goldsmith-58] Goldsmith, Barbara (2005). "Obsessive Genius: The Inner World of Marie Curie". W. W. Norton & Company. p. 149. ISBN 978-0-393-05137-7. Archived from the original on 5 May 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.

[obit-60] "Prof. Curie killed in a Paris street" (PDF). The New York Times. 20 April 1906. Archived from the original on 25 July 2018. Retrieved 8 February 2011.

[Marie_Curie_Tr_and_Ad-61] ???? ^???? "Marie Curie – Tragedy and Adjustment (1906–1910) Part 1". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 26 October 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.

[Marie_Curie_Tr_and_Ad2-62] ???? ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – Tragedy and Adjustment (1906–1910) Part 2". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 2 November 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.

[psb113-65] ????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? ^????? Tadeusz Estreicher (1938). "Curie, Maria ze Sk?odowskich". Polski s?ownik biograficzny, vol. 4 (?? ???????). p. 113.

[Marie_Curie_Sc_and_Rec-66] ???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – Scandal and Recovery (1910–1913) Part 1". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 18 December 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.

[goldsmith9-67] Goldsmith, Barbara (2005). Obsessive Genius: The Inner World of Marie Curie. W. W. Norton & Company. pp. 170–71. ISBN 978-0-393-05137-7. Archived from the original on 5 May 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.

[robert10-68] Robert William Reid (1974). Marie Curie. New American Library. pp. 44, 90. ISBN 978-0-00-211539-1. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.

[goldsmith11-70] Goldsmith, Barbara (2005). Obsessive Genius: The Inner World of Marie Curie. W. W. Norton & Company. pp. 165–76. ISBN 978-0-393-05137-7. Archived from the original on 5 May 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.

[Marie_Curie_Sc_and_Rec2-72] ???? ^???? ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – Scandal and Recovery (1910–1913) Part 2". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 12 September 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.

[74] "Marie Curie-biographical". Nobel Prize.org. 2014. Archived from the original on 17 March 2018. Retrieved 16 March 2018.

[Marie_Curie_War-75] ???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – War Duty (1914–1919) Part 1". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 2 November 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.

[Coppes-Zantinga,_A._R_1998-76] ???? ^???? Coppes-Zantinga, A. R. and Coppes, M. J. (1998), Marie Curie's contributions to radiology during World War I. Med. Pediatr. Oncol. , 31: 541–543. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-911X(199812)31:6<541::AID-MPO19>3.0.CO;2-0

[Marie_Curie_War2-78] ???? ^???? ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – War Duty (1914–1919) Part 2". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 12 September 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.

[Marie_Sklodowska_Curie_in_America,_1921-79] Ann M. Lewicki (2002). "Marie Sklodowska Curie in America, 1921". Radiology. pp. 299–303. doi:10.1148/radiol.2232011319. PMID 11997527. Archived from the original on 15 March 2024. Retrieved 27 January 2023.

[Madame_Curie's_Passion-80] Julie Des Jardins (October 2011). "Madame Curie's Passion". Smithsonian Magazine. Archived from the original on 27 November 2012. Retrieved 11 September 2012.

[The_Radium_Institute-81] ???? ^???? ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – The Radium Institute (1919–1934) Part 1". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 28 October 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.

[Pasachoff1996-82] Pasachoff, Naomi (1996). Marie Curie:And the Science of Radioactivity: And the Science of Radioactivity. Oxford University Press. p. 93. ISBN 978-0-19-509214-1. Archived from the original on 28 November 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015.

[amudeu-84] Zwoliński, Zbigniew. "Science in Poland – Maria Sklodowska-Curie". Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu. Archived from the original on 11 September 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2012.

[The_Radium_Institute_2-85] ???? ^???? "Marie Curie – The Radium Institute (1919–1934) Part 2". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 28 October 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.

[Chemistry_International_–_Newsmagazine_for_IUPAC-86] "Chemistry International – Newsmagazine for IUPAC". International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. 5 January 2011. Archived from the original on 7 November 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.

[87] Grandjean, Martin (2017). "Analisi e visualizzazioni delle reti in storia. L'esempio della cooperazione intellettuale della Società delle Nazioni". Memoria e Ricerca (2): 371–393. doi:10.14647/87204. Archived from the original on 7 November 2017. Retrieved 2 January 2018.

[nytimes-88] ???? ^???? "Marie Curie Enshrined in Pantheon". New York Times. 21 April 1995. Archived from the original on 22 January 2012. Retrieved 2 August 2012.

[89] Grandjean, Martin (2018). Les réseaux de la coopération intellectuelle. La Société des Nations comme actrice des échanges scientifiques et culturels dans l'entre-deux-guerres [The Networks of Intellectual Cooperation. The League of Nations as an Actor of the Scientific and Cultural Exchanges in the Inter-War Period] (?? ???????). Lausanne: Université de Lausanne. Archived from the original on 12 September 2018. Retrieved 27 October 2018. (i.e. pp. 303-305)

[leg-91] ???? ^???? "Marie Curie and Her Legend". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 1 January 2012. Retrieved 7 November 2011.

[92] Norman E. Holden (2004). "Atomic Weights and the International Committee: A Historical Review". Chemistry International. Archived from the original on 19 December 2018. Retrieved 11 May 2013.

[94] "Maria Sk?odowska-Curie". Europeana Exhibitions. Archived from the original on 7 June 2019. Retrieved 2025-08-04.

[The_Radium_Institute_3-95] ???? ^???? ^???? "Marie Curie – The Radium Institute (1919–1934) Part 3". American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.

[96] "The Genius of Marie Curie: The Woman Who Lit Up the World" ?? ?????? (a 2013 BBC documentary).

[iuniverse-97] Rollyson, Carl (2004). Marie Curie: Honesty In Science. iUniverse. p. x. ISBN 978-0-595-34059-0. Archived from the original on 24 November 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015.

[ShipmanWilson2012-98] James Shipman; Jerry D. Wilson; Aaron Todd (2012). An Introduction to Physical Science. Cengage Learning. p. 263. ISBN 978-1-133-10409-4. Archived from the original on 27 November 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015.

[The_Vertigo_Years:_Europe,_1900–1914-99] Blom, Philipp (2008). "1903: A Strange Luminescence". The Vertigo Years: Europe, 1900–1914. Basic Books. p. 76. ISBN 978-0-465-01116-2. Archived from the original on 5 June 2020. Retrieved 18 July 2020. The glowing tubes looked like faint, fairy lights.

[100] Denise Grady (6 October 1998). "A Glow in the Dark, and a Lesson in Scientific Peril". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 10 March 2017. Retrieved 20 August 2020.

[101] Tasch, Barbara. "Marie Curie's Belongings Will Be Radioactive For Another 1,500 Years". Archived from the original on 3 July 2020. Retrieved 2 July 2020.

[102] Estes, Adam Clark. "Marie Curie's century-old radioactive notebook still requires lead box". Archived from the original on 13 September 2017. Retrieved 9 September 2017.

[everything-103] ???? ^???? ^???? Bryson, Bill (2012). A Short History of Nearly Everything. Random House Digital, Inc. p. 74. ISBN 978-0-385-67450-8. Archived from the original on 26 November 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015.

[psb114-104] ???? ^???? ^???? Tadeusz Estreicher (1938). "Curie, Maria ze Sk?odowskich". Polski s?ownik biograficzny, vol. 4 (?? ???????). p. 114.

[robert8-107] Robert William Reid (1974). Marie Curie. New American Library. p. 265. ISBN 978-0-00-211539-1. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.

[108] "The Discovery of Radioactivity". Berkeley Lab. Archived from the original on 1 November 2015. The term radioactivity was actually coined by Marie Curie […].

[109] "Marie Curie and the radioactivity, The 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics". nobelprize.org. Archived from the original on 30 July 2018. Marie called this radiation radioactivity—"radio" means radiation.

[Borzendowski2025-08-040] Borzendowski, Janice (2009). Sterling Biographies: Marie Curie: Mother of Modern Physics. Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. p. 36. ISBN 978-1-4027-5318-3. Archived from the original on 30 November 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015.

[Most_inspirational_woman_scientist_revealed-111] "Most inspirational woman scientist revealed". Newscientist.com. 2 July 2009. Archived from the original on 6 December 2011. Retrieved 27 April 2011.

[Marie_Curie_voted_greatest_female_scientist-112] "Marie Curie voted greatest female scientist". The Daily Telegraph. London. 2 July 2009. Archived from the original on 5 July 2009. Retrieved 10 April 2010. Marie Curie, the Nobel Prize-winning nuclear physicist has been voted the greatest woman scientist of all time.

[cosm-113] ???? ^???? "2011 – The Year of Marie Sk?odowska-Curie". Cosmopolitanreview.com. 3 July 2011. Archived from the original on 14 August 2011. Retrieved 27 August 2012.

[Madame_Curie_art-114] Chute, James (5 March 2011). "Video artist Steinkamp's flowery 'Madame Curie' is challenging, and stunning". signonsandiego.com. Archived from the original on 7 May 2011. Retrieved 14 April 2011.

[Marie_Curie’s_144th_Birthday_Google_Doodle-115] "Marie Curie's 144th Birthday Anniversary". DoodleToday.com. 7 November 2011. Archived from the original on 9 November 2011. Retrieved 9 November 2011.

[Princess_Madeleine_attends_celebrations_to_mark_anniversary_of_Marie_Curie's_second_Nobel_Prize-116] "Princess Madeleine attends celebrations to mark anniversary of Marie Curie's second Nobel Prize". Sveriges Kungahus. Archived from the original on 5 January 2012. Retrieved 23 February 2012.

[How_the_Curie_Came_to_Be-117] Paul W. Frame (October–November 1996). "How the Curie Came to Be". Oak Ridge Associated Universities. Archived from the original on 30 May 2012. Retrieved 30 April 2008.

[Curium-118] "Curium". Chemistry in its element. Royal Society of Chemistry. Archived from the original on 9 August 2016. Retrieved 27 August 2012.

[Borzendowski2025-08-040] ???? ^???? ^???? ^???? Borzendowski, Janice (2009). Sterling Biographies: Marie Curie: Mother of Modern Physics. Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. p. 37. ISBN 978-1-4027-5318-3. Archived from the original on 30 November 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015.

[121] "Marie Curie Actions" (PDF). European Commission. 2012. p. 5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 June 2013. Retrieved 10 September 2012.

[122] "Coventry professor's honorary degree takes him in footsteps of Marie Curie". Birmingham Press. 31 July 2012. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 6 May 2017.

[Nobel_Prize_Facts-123] "Nobel Prize Facts". Nobelprize.org. 22 April 2011. Archived from the original on 1 September 2012. Retrieved 7 September 2012.

[CurieSheean1999-124] ???? ^???? Eve Curie; Vincent Sheean (1999). Madame Curie: A Biography. Turtleback Books. p. 389. ISBN 978-0-613-18127-3. Archived from the original on 26 November 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015.

[125] "Scientific Notes and News". Science. 25 (647): 839–840. 1907. Bibcode:1907Sci....25..839.. doi:10.1126/science.25.647.839. ISSN 0036-8075. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 April 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.

[winners-126] "Franklin Laureate Database". The Franklin Institute Awards. The Franklin Institute. Archived from the original on 12 December 2012. Retrieved 11 September 2012.

[Minutes-127] "Minutes". Proc. Am. Philos. Soc. 1921. pp. iii–xxiv. JSTOR 984523. Archived from the original on 6 March 2023. Retrieved 27 January 2023.

[Award-130] "2015 Awardees". American Chemical Society, Division of the History of Chemistry. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign School of Chemical Sciences. 2015. Archived from the original on 21 June 2016. Retrieved 1 July 2016.

[Breakthrough-131] "Citation for Chemical Breakthrough Award" (PDF). American Chemical Society, Division of the History of Chemistry. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign School of Chemical Sciences. 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 1 July 2016.

[133] "MarieCurie | Royal Academy". www.royalacademy.dk. Archived from the original on 2 August 2020. Retrieved 2025-08-04.

[Awards-135] "Professional Awards". Iota Stigma Pi: National Honor Society for Women in Chemistry. Archived from the original on 23 March 2019. Retrieved 16 December 2014.

[136] "President of honour and honorary members of PTChem". Archived from the original on 20 April 2020. Retrieved 23 February 2020.

[MMI-138] "Museum of Modern Imaging". Archived from the original on 21 February 2019. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

[IEA_–_reaktor_Maria-139] "IEA – reaktor Maria". Institute of Atomic Energy, Poland. Archived from the original on 19 March 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2012.

[Picture_of_the_McDonnell_Douglas_MD-11_aircraft-140] "Picture of the McDonnell Douglas MD-11 aircraft". Airliners.net. Archived from the original on 18 March 2009. Retrieved 27 April 2011.

[142] "Marie Curie". Charity Commission for England and Wales. 8 November 2019. Archived from the original on 8 October 2020. Retrieved 20 August 2020.

[curie-143] Curie, Institut (17 December 2010). "Curie museum | Institut Curie". Curie.fr. Archived from the original on 6 September 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2012.

[buffalo-147] "Marie Curie Medallion Returns to UB Polish Collection By Way of eBay". News Center, University of Buffalo. 11 September 2007. Archived from the original on 18 October 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2012.

[Radioactive:_Marie_and_Pierre_Curie,_a_Tale_of_Love_and_Fallout-149] "Radioactive: Marie and Pierre Curie, a Tale of Love and Fallout". Cosmopolitanreview.com. 3 July 2011. Archived from the original on 14 August 2011. Retrieved 27 August 2012.

[Les-Palmes-de-M-Schutz_–_Trailer_–_Cast_–_Showtimes_–_NYTimes.com-151] "Les-Palmes-de-M-Schutz (1997)". Movies. New York Times. 5 June 2012. Archived from the original on 2 November 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2012.

[Main,_Douglas-157] ????? ^????? Main, Douglas (7 March 2014). "This Famous Image Of Marie Curie Isn't Marie Curie". Popular Science www.popsci.com. Archived from the original on 10 November 2014. Retrieved 15 November 2014.

[Council1997-158] Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (India) (1997). Science reporter. Council of Scientific & Industrial Research. p. 117. Archived from the original on 4 May 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.

[Letcher2003-159] Letcher, Piers (2003). Eccentric France. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 59. ISBN 978-1-84162-068-8. Archived from the original on 20 November 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015.

[160] "Most Marii Sk?odowskiej-Curie, Polska " Vistal Gdynia". www.vistal.pl. Archived from the original on 29 March 2016. Retrieved 2025-08-04.

[162] "China lofts 4 satellites into orbit with its second launch of 2020". space.com (?? ???????). Archived from the original on 30 January 2020. Retrieved 30 January 2020.

[?]

[?]

[a]

[b]

[c]

[d]

[?]

[?]

[?]

[e]

[?]

[?]

[f]

[??]

[?]

[g]

[??]

[??]

[h]

[i]

[??]

[j]

[k]

[l]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[???]

[o]

[??]

[p]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[q]

[r]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[s]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[t]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[u]

[v]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[w]

[??]

[x]

[??]

[y]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[z]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[aa]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[ab]

[??]

[??]

[ac]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

[??]

? ? ? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????
????–????	?????? ?????? (????) ?????? ?????? / ???? ????? (????) ???? ???? / ??? ???? / ???? ???? (????) ??? ?????? (????) ????? ????? (????) ???? ??? ?????? (????) ????? ??????? ???????? (????) ?????? ????? (????) ??????? ??????? / ???? ???????? ???? (????) ????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? (????) ?????? ??? (????) ?????? ???? (????) ???? ???????? ???? (????) ???? ??? ???? (????) ?????? ????? ???? / ?????? ???? ???? (????) ????? ????? ?????? (????) ???? ????? (????) ?????? ?????? (????) ???? ?????? ???? (????) ????? ??????? (????) ???? ??? (????) ????? ??????? (????) ???? ?????? (????) ???? ????? / ?????? ???? (????)
????–????	??? ?????? ??? (????) ????? ???? ??????? / ????? ?????? ??? ?????? (????) ??? ?????? ????????? (????) ???? ?? ???? (????) ?? ?? ????? (????) ???? ???? ???????? (????) ????? ???????? / ?? ????? (????) ???? ????? (????) ?????? ?????? ?? / ???? ????? ??????? (????) ??????? ??????? / ??? ???? ?????? (????) ?????? ???? (????) ????? ????? (????) ??? ????? (????) ??????? ????? ???? (????) ??????? ????? (????) ???? ?????? ?????? (????) ?????? ?????? ?????? (????) ?????? ????? (????) ????? ?????? (????) ???? ????? ???? (????)
????–????	??? ?????? ??????? / ????? ?????? (????) ????? ???? / ?????? ???? ????? (????) ????? ?????? (????) ???? ??? / ????? ??? (????) ????? ???? ??? / ???????? ??? (????) ?????? ????? / ??? ?????? / ????? ????? ?????? (????) ?? ???? ???? / ?????-???? ?? (????) ???? ?????? / ??? ????? / ????? ???????? ??? (????) ?????? ???? / ???? ??????? (????) ?????? ????? ?????? (????) ????? ???????? / ?????? ?????? ??????? (????) ?? ?????? (????) ????? ????? / ????? ?????? ???? / ??. ???? ??. ???? (????) ????? ???? ????? / ??????? ????? / ???????? ?????????? ??????? (????) ????????? ???????? / ?????? ?????? / ?????? ?????? (????) ????? ?????? (????) ???? ??? (????) ????? ????? ?????? (????) ???? ??-?? (????) ???? ????? ????? ????? / ???? ?? (????) ???? ????? (????) ??? ?????? / ???? ??? ???? / ??? ????? ????? (????) ??? ?????? / ????? ????? / ????? ????? ??????? (????) ?????? ???? / ?????? ???? (????) ??? ???? / ?? ??? ?????? / ??? ???? ??????? (????)
????–????	????? ????? / ?????? ???? ???? ???? (????) ????? ???? ?????? / ???? ??????? ??? / ??? ??????? ??? ??? (????) ????? ??????? / ???? ???? ?????? / ????? ????? ?????? (????) ????? ?? ????? / ????????? / ?????? ??????? (????) ???? ?????? / ??? ??????? ??? (????) ??????? ???????? / ????? ??????? ???? / ??? ?????? (????) ??? ????? (????) ??????????? ?????????? / ?????? ????? ????? (????) ????? ????? / ????? ?? ????? (????) ????? ??? ???????? (????) ????? ????? / ??? ?????? / ??????? ????? (????) ?????? ??? ?????? / ???? ???????? ???? (????) ???? ????? / ????? ?????? / ?? ????????? (????) ????? ????? ???? / ???? ??? ????? / ??????? ?? (????) ???? ????? ??????? / ???? ?? ????? / ?????? ?????? ?????? (????) ???-??? ?? ?? (????) ???? ???? (????) ???? ???? / ???? ????? (????) ?????? ??????? / ??????? ?????? ??? (????) ?????? ???? ??? / ?????? ???? (????) ????? ????? ?? / ?????? ??? ????? / ????? ???? ????????? (????) ?????? ?? / ???? ???? ?????? / ?????? ????? ????? (????) ????? ?????? / ????? ?????? ??????? / ????? ?? ????? (????) ????? ???? / ????????? ????? (????) ???? ?????? / ????? ????? / ?? ????? (????)
????–??????	???? ??? ???? / ?????? ????? / ???? ????? ???? (????) ?????? ????? ?????? / ???????? ?????? / ??????? ??????? (????) ????? ???????? ????????? / ?????? ????????? ??????? / ?????? ???? ??? (????) ????? ???? / ????? ??????? / ????? ????? (????) ??? ??. ????? / ??? ??? / ?????? ???? (????) ??? ???? / ??? ????? (????) ???? ?? / ??? ??????? (????) ???????? ????? / ?????? ???????? / ????? ??????? (????) ????? ???? / ?????? ???? / ??? ??. ????? (????) ????? ???? / ????????? ?????? (????) ??? ??????? / ??? ??? / ?????? ????? (????) ????? ??????? / ??? ????? (????) ??????? ?????? / ???? ???? (????) ?????? ??????? / ?????? ????? / ???? ???????? (????) ?????? ?????? / ????? ?? ???????? (????) ????? ?? ???? / ????? ?????? / ??? ????? ????????? (????) ????? ???? / ??? ???? / ??? ???? (????) ????? ????? / ???? ???? / ???? ????????? (????) ??? ????? / ???? ????? / ????? ???? (????) ???? ????? / ???????? ????? / ??????? ??. ?? (????) ??????? ?????? / ????? ????? / ??????? ?????? (????) ??? ???? / ??? ?? ?????? / ????? ??????? (????)

? ? ? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ????
?????–????	??????? ??????? ???????? (????) ????? ???? ???? (????) ????? ?????? (????) ?????? ???? (????) ????? ??? ???? (????) ???? ?????? (????) ?????? ????? (????) ????? ???????? (????) ?????? ???????? (????) ???? ????? (????) ???? ???? (????) ?????? ???????? / ?? ??????? (????) ????? ???? (????) ?????? ?????? ??????? (????) ?????? ??????? (????) ????? ???? (????) ????? ????? (????) ?????? ???? (????) ??????? ?????? ????? (????) ????? ???? (????) ?????? ???????? (????)
? ????–????	?????? ?????? (????) ??????? ???? ????? (????) ????? ??????? (????) ????? ????? / ???? ??? ???? ????? (????) ???? ???? (????) ???? ??? / ??????? ?????? (????) ??????? ???????? (????) ?????? ???? (????) ?????? ????? ???? / ???? ?????-???? (????) ???? ???? (????) ????? ????? / ?? ???? (????) ?????? ??? (????) ????? ??????? / ??????? ??????? (????) ????? ?? ???? (????) ??? ??? (????) ?????? ??????? ??????? (????) ???? ???? ????? / ??? ?????? ??????? / ???? ????? ?????? (????) ????? ???????? (????) ???? ??????? (????) ?????? ???? (????) ???? ????? / ???? ???? (????)
? ????–????	????? ???????? / ??? ?????? (????) ???? ??? ???? ?????? / ?????? ?????? ????? (????) ????? ?????????? (????) ????? ??????? (????) ?????? ?? ????? (????) ?? ?????? ???????? / ??????? ??????? (????) ??? ??? (????) ?????? ???? (????) ???????? ???????? (????) ?????? ????? (????) ????? ?????? (????) ???? ????? / ??? ????? (????) ???? ????? / ????? ???? (????) ?????? ?????? (????) ????? ??????? (????) ????? ?? ?????? (????) ?????? ???? / ?????? ????? / ??? ???? (????) ???? ??????? (????) ??? ?????? / ?? ??? (????) ????? ?? ?????? (????) ?????? ??????? (????) ??????? ??????? / ???????? ??? / ?????? ????? (????) ????? ???? / ???? ????????? (????) ?? ????? (????) ??? ???????? / ???????? ?????? (????)
? ????–????	?????? ??????? (????) ????? ???????? (????) ???? ?? ???? (????) ????? ????? / ????? ????? (????) ?? ??? / ????? ?????? / ?????? ???? (????) ????? ?????? / ???? ????? (????) ???? ???? (????) ???? ??? (????) ????? ??????? (????) ????? ?????? / ???? ???? (????) ????? ?????? / ???? ?? / ????? ?????? (????) ?????? ???? / ???-???? ?? / ????? ?????? (????) ????? ????????? / ????? ???? / ??????? ???? (????) ????? ????? / ????? ?? (????) ????? ???? (????) ?????? ????? (????) ?????? ?????? (????) ??? ????? / ????? ????? (????) ??? ????? (????) ???? ?????? / ????? ?????? / ????? ????? (????) ????? ??? / ?????? ????? / ?????? ?????? (????) ?? ???? / ??? ??. ???? / ??? ???? (????) ????? ???? / ??? ???? (????) ???? ??? ???? (????) ??? ???? / ??? ??????????? / ????? ???????? (????)
????–??????	?????? ???? / ????? ?????? / ???? ?????? (????) ??? ?? / ????? ?????? / ???? ?????? (????) ???? ???? / ?????? ???????? (????) ????? ????????? / ????? ????? / ????? ??? (????) ????? ????? / ?????? ???? / ??? ????? (????) ???? ??????? (????) ?????? ???? (????) ????? ???????? / ?????? ????? / ???? ???? (????) ?????????? ??????????? / ????? ?????? / ???? ????? (????) ?????? ??. ?? / ????? ?????? / ?? ???? ????? (????) ?? ????? (????) ????? ???????? / ?????? ?????? (????) ?????? ??????? / ????? ???? / ???? ????? (????) ???? ????? / ?????? ?? / ?????? ???? ????? (????) ????? ?????? / ??? ?????? / ???? ???? (????) ???-??? ????? / ????? ???????? / ?????? ?????? (????) ??? ?????? / ?????? ????? / ?????? ??????? (?????) ??????? ?????? / ??? ????? / ??? ??. ????? (?????) ??? ??. ??????? / ??. ?????? ????????? / ????? ?????? (????) ??????? ???????? / ????? ?????? (????) ??????? ???? / ????? ???????? (????)

黑色五行属什么	吃生姜对身体有什么好处	马提尼是什么酒	腋下疣是什么原因造成的	赤茯苓又叫什么
在野是什么意思	小孩上火了吃什么降火最快	炒菜用什么锅最好	hitachi是什么品牌	肝火旺有什么症状
和氏璧是什么玉	驹是什么意思	九一八事变是什么意思	多饮多尿可能是什么病	梦见大青蛇是什么预兆
无声无息是什么意思	富豪是什么意思	八月一日是什么节日	胸痛应该挂什么科	跟腱炎挂什么科

骨髓增生活跃是什么意思hcv9jop2ns4r.cn	红眼病是什么原因引起的hcv9jop8ns3r.cn	尿沉渣红细胞高是什么原因hcv9jop0ns0r.cn	北京大学校长什么级别imcecn.com	舌苔厚腻是什么原因youbangsi.com
渴望是什么意思hcv8jop1ns6r.cn	左手发麻什么原因96micro.com	洗面奶什么时候用最好hcv9jop2ns5r.cn	难舍难分是什么意思creativexi.com	什么时间吃苹果最好hcv8jop2ns0r.cn
甲状腺球蛋白低是什么原因hcv7jop9ns9r.cn	小猫为什么会踩奶hcv9jop5ns5r.cn	肝功能八项检查什么hcv9jop0ns0r.cn	手是什么生肖hcv8jop6ns3r.cn	三部曲是什么意思hcv8jop4ns8r.cn
巨蟹女和什么星座最配imcecn.com	伤寒是什么病hcv8jop9ns0r.cn	酒醉喝什么解酒zhongyiyatai.com	榴莲不可以和什么一起吃hcv8jop4ns5r.cn	茯苓有什么功效和作用hcv8jop4ns7r.cn